Federal
projects to fortify Boston Harbor islands and to build shipyards provided an
early impetus to the granite business. Entrepreneurs at the forefront of these
opportunities took note of Cape Ann's geological bounty and the quarried stone
already reaching its shoreline. In the same year that the Quincy Granite
Railway went into operation, 1826, William Torrey of that city transplanted
himself here into a series of partnerships with Gloucester and Rockport
quarrymen.1
People who have never visited
Cape Ann, have little or no idea of the astonishing quantity of beautiful
granite of which the Cape is composed. There is enough to build many cities as
large as Boston....The quantity annually prepared for market, either in a hewn
or rough state, is 100,000 tons. To carry on this extensive business, nearly 300
men are employed, and about 40 yokes of oxen. Gloucester
Telegraph, August
17, 1839
Loading Granite at
Knowlton's Wharf,
Alfred J. Wiggin 1852 (Present day Beach and Granite Streets, Rockport) Painting at Sandy Bay Historical Society |
Wiggin painting detail |
In 1827
William Torrey quarried the outcrops along Folly Cove to obtain granite for the
Charleston and Portsmouth Navy Yards. Those tempting shoreline ledges yielded
blocks that must have been challenging to load aboard ships along the still-raw
coast.
The late nineteenth century at
Folly Cove Sandy Bay Historical Society photo |
Granite sloop extending the
breakwater sheltering the Folly Cove wharf John and Betty Erkkila, Souvenirs of Pigeon Cove, 2014 |
The railroad trestle to the Folly
Cove Pier in 1915 Trolley tracks visible to the left side of Granite Street. Charles Cleaves photo, courtesy of Sandy Bay Historical Society |
Locomotive Nella delivering
granite blocks to Folly Cove Charles Cleaves photo, courtesy of Sandy Bay Historical Society |
Two fishing schooners and a
granite schooner moored in Lanes Cove
Annisquam
Historical Society photo
|
Paving blocks from cart to wharf into hold with a loading chute3 |
Jan 15 -
last year Lanes Cove sent 103 large schooners to Philadelphia and New York and smaller
vessels to nearby ports with freights of 3,000,000 paving blocks and 20,000 tons of
other granite
Jan 28 - Sch Howell
Leeds loaded yesterday by Superintendent Hayden for Wm P Barker 50,000 paving
in less than 3 hours for Philadelphia, run down through large chute from wharf.
Dec 5 - Sch Sarah Wood arrived
in Lanesville Tuesday 4th 8:00, loaded by Wm. P. Barker's men in 4 1/2 hours, left
for Philadelphia with 32,000 paving early afternoon
To accomplish
these prodigious wharf-side feats the employers must have sent crews down from
quarries to load the vessels.
Granite sloops, Lanes Cove Photo courtesy of Paul St. Germain, Cape Ann Granite |
Locomotive Vulcan at the Granite Pier, Rockport Photo courtesy of John and Betty Erkkila4 |
From
these wharves granite went forth in rough and finished forms to substantiate roads,
buildings, breakwaters, port facilities and monuments along the American coast,
and beyond.
Sources
1. Allen
Chamberlain, Pigeon Cove, Its Early
Settlers & Their Farms 1702-1840, 1940.
2. See,
for example, Gloucester Daily Times
August 23, 1894.
3. This
photograph from the Rockport National Bank calendar November, 1997 is otherwise
unattributed.
4. John
and Betty Erkkila have presented a dandy collection of photographs in Souvenirs of Pigeon Cove, 2014.